What are Nasal Polyp Problems ?
Nasal polyps may present in patients who report perennial nasal congestion, obstruction, and anosmia or hyposmia. In contrast to many individuals who have chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps who present with headache and facial pressure and pain, patients with nasal polyposis generally do not report those symptoms unless they have a concurrent infection. Nasal polyps typically are semitranslucent, pale, gray masses in the nasal cavity.
Nasal polypectomy is a surgical procedure to remove polyps located in the nasal passages. Nasal polyps affect 2-5% of the population and may occur in association with chronic rhinosinusitis, cystic fibrosis, Kartagener syndrome, Samter triad (asthma, nasal polyposis, and aspirin sensitivity), or as an isolated phenomenon. Children with nasal polyps should be evaluated for cystic fibrosis. Studies suggest both allergies and a family history of nasal polyps are predisposing factors in the growth of nasal polyps. The role of environmental exposure to smoking, pollution, and other chemicals remains controversial.
Current research in nasal polyposis suggests multiple factors, including thymic stromal lymphopoietin/OX40 ligand axis up-regulation affecting eosinophilic inflammation, interleukin (IL)–31 up-regulation of Th2 cytokines expressed by polyp cells promoting growth, activity of forms of STAT3 affecting the development of nasal polyps, and a multitude of other factors undergoing additional research endeavors.
Additionally, Staphylococcus aureus exotoxins acting as superantigens may be a risk factor for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, and the presence of this superantigen is related to the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.
Nasal polyps are correlated with appreciable morbidity, economic costs, and impairment in quality of life. Although medical management is possible, often nasal polypectomy is required for patients in whom conservative therapies fail.
Read more : How to Treat Nasal Polyps Naturally at Home ?
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